Rice University scientists have detected at least three instances of cross-species mating that likely influenced the evolutionary paths of "old world" mice, two in recent times and one in the distant past. The researchers think these instances of introgressive hybridization -- a way for genetic material and, potentially, traits to be passed from one species…
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NASA Rover Finds Active, Ancient Organic Chemistry on Mars
NASA's Mars Curiosity rover has measured a tenfold spike in methane, an organic chemical, in the atmosphere around it and detected other organic molecules in a rock-powder sample collected by the robotic laboratory’s drill. "This temporary increase in methane -- sharply up and then back down -- tells us there must be some relatively localized…
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Scientists Discover Children’s Cells Living in Mothers’ Brains
The link between a mother and child is profound, and new research suggests a physical connection even deeper than anyone thought. The profound psychological and physical bonds shared by the mother and her child begin during gestation when the mother is everything for the developing fetus, supplying warmth and sustenance, while her heartbeat provides a…
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Asteroid impacts may have formed life’s building blocks
A high-powered laser in the Czech Republic has now provided provocative evidence that the hellish conditions produced when an asteroid or comet slams into Earth could have created some key building blocks of life on Earth. In a lab experiment intended to duplicate the high temperatures and pressures of such an impact, researchers used the…
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Genes tell story of birdsong and human speech
His office is filled with all sorts of bird books, but Duke neuroscientist Erich Jarvis didn't become an expert on the avian family tree because of any particular interest in our feathered friends. Rather, it was his fascination with how the human brain understands and reproduces speech that brought him to the birds. Genes tell…
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Injectable 3-D vaccines could fight cancer, infectious diseases
One of the reasons cancer is so deadly is that it can evade attack from the body's immune system, which allows tumors to flourish and spread. Scientists can try to induce the immune system, known as immunotherapy, to go into attack mode to fight cancer and to build long lasting immune resistance to cancer cells. Now,…
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Research confirms how global warming links to carbon emissions
Research has identified, for the first time, how global warming is related to the amount of carbon emitted. A team of researchers from the universities of Southampton, Bristol and Liverpool have derived the first theoretical equation to demonstrate that global warming is a direct result of the build-up of carbon emissions since the late 1800s…
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DNA survives critical entry into Earth’s atmosphere
The genetic material DNA can survive a flight through space and re-entry into Earth's atmosphere -- and still pass on genetic information. A team of scientists from UZH obtained these astonishing results during an experiment on the TEXUS-49 research rocket mission. Applied to the outer shell of the payload section of a rocket using pipettes,…
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Turtles and dinosaurs: Scientists solve reptile mysteries with landmark study on the evolution of turtles
A team of scientists, including researchers from the California Academy of Sciences, has reconstructed a detailed "tree of life" for turtles. The specifics of how turtles are related -- to one another, to other reptiles, and even to dinosaurs -- have been hotly debated for decades. Next generation sequencing technologies in Academy labs have generated…
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New view of mouse genome finds many similarities, striking differences with human genome
Looking across evolutionary time and the genomic landscapes of humans and mice, an international group of researchers has found powerful clues to why certain processes and systems in the mouse -- such as the immune system, metabolism and stress response -- are so different from those in people. Building on years of mouse and gene…
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