One of the reasons cancer is so deadly is that it can evade attack from the body's immune system, which allows tumors to flourish and spread. Scientists can try to induce the immune system, known as immunotherapy, to go into attack mode to fight cancer and to build long lasting immune resistance to cancer cells. Now,…
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DNA survives critical entry into Earth’s atmosphere
The genetic material DNA can survive a flight through space and re-entry into Earth's atmosphere -- and still pass on genetic information. A team of scientists from UZH obtained these astonishing results during an experiment on the TEXUS-49 research rocket mission. Applied to the outer shell of the payload section of a rocket using pipettes,…
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New view of mouse genome finds many similarities, striking differences with human genome
Looking across evolutionary time and the genomic landscapes of humans and mice, an international group of researchers has found powerful clues to why certain processes and systems in the mouse -- such as the immune system, metabolism and stress response -- are so different from those in people. Building on years of mouse and gene…
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Ebola Update: Vaccines in Tests, Spike in Mali, Dips in Liberia
No cases of Ebola remain in the United States at the moment, but researchers are busy working on vaccines as the virus continues to spread in West Africa. In a few areas in Liberia, cases may be on the decline, new reports find. Researchers working on a vaccine against the Zaire strain of Ebola virus,…
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Scientists uncover novel looping mechanism that controls the fitness of cells, impacting aging and disease
A novel looping mechanism that involves the end caps of DNA may help explain the aging of cells and how they initiate and transmit disease, according to new research from UT Southwestern Medical Center cell biologists. The UT Southwestern team found that the length of the endcaps of DNA, called telomeres, form loops that determine…
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80 million bacteria sealed with a kiss
As many as 80 million bacteria are transferred during a 10 second kiss, according to research published in the open access journalMicrobiome. The study also found that partners who kiss each other at least nine times a day share similar communities of oral bacteria. The ecosystem of more than 100 trillion microorganisms that live in…
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Can the Long-Extinct Woolly Mammoth Be Cloned?
A woolly mammoth carcass recently unearthed in Siberia could be the best hope yet for scientists aiming to clone the massive, long-extinct beast. The mammoth specimen, which was discovered in 2013 in a remote part of Siberia, oozed a deep red liquid when it was first discovered. Scientists have now analyzed the mammoth to understand…
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Genetic markers for alcoholism recovery discovered
In an international study, Mayo Clinic researchers and collaborators have identified genetic markers that may help in identifying individuals who could benefit from the alcoholism treatment drug acamprosate. The findings, published in the journal Translational Psychiatry, show that patients carrying these genetic variants have longer periods of abstinence during the first three months of acamprosate treatment.…
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Scientists generate first human stomach tissue in lab with stem cells
Scientists used pluripotent stem cells to generate functional, three-dimensional human stomach tissue in a laboratory -- creating an unprecedented tool for researching the development and diseases of an organ central to several public health crises, ranging from cancer to diabetes. Scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center report Oct. 29 in Nature they used human pluripotent stem…
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Evolution and Ebola: Scientists Rein In Fears of Ebola, a Virus Whose Mysteries Tend to Invite Speculation
News that a nurse in full protective gear had become infected with the Ebola virus raised some disturbing questions on Monday. Has the virus evolved into some kind of super-pathogen? Might it mutate into something even more terrifying in the months to come? Evolutionary biologists who study viruses generally agree on the answers to…
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